What is the smallest known exoplanet?

The smallest known exoplanet is Kepler-37 b, about 0.31 times the radius of Earth: between our Moon and Mercury in size. Everything about Kepler-37 b

Smallest known exoplanet
Kepler-37 b
0.31× Earth's radius · 208 ly
The top 25
#WorldRadiusDistance
★ 1Kepler-37 b0.31× Earth's radius208 ly
2PSR B1257+12 b0.34× Earth's radius1,957 ly
3Kepler-37 e0.37× Earth's radius208 ly
4Kepler-879 c0.40× Earth's radius2,618 ly
5Kepler-444 b0.40× Earth's radius119 ly
6Kepler-158 d0.43× Earth's radius1,028 ly
7Kepler-102 b0.46× Earth's radius352 ly
8Kepler-444 c0.50× Earth's radius119 ly
9Kepler-1994 b0.51× Earth's radius789 ly
10KOI-4777.010.51× Earth's radius562 ly
11Kepler-1489 c0.51× Earth's radius4,185 ly
12Kepler-1308 b0.52× Earth's radius368 ly
13Kepler-444 d0.53× Earth's radius119 ly
14Kepler-62 c0.54× Earth's radius981 ly
15Kepler-444 e0.55× Earth's radius119 ly
16GJ 238 b0.57× Earth's radius49.6 ly
17Kepler-102 c0.57× Earth's radius352 ly
18Kepler-42 d0.57× Earth's radius131 ly
19Kepler-1583 b0.60× Earth's radius1,317 ly
20Kepler-963 c0.60× Earth's radius2,516 ly
21Kepler-1998 b0.60× Earth's radius1,112 ly
22KOI-1843.030.61× Earth's radius438 ly
23Kepler-1087 b0.61× Earth's radius1,183 ly
24K2-89 b0.61× Earth's radius281 ly
25Kepler-1877 b0.62× Earth's radius931 ly

Showing the top 25 of 6,267 that qualify.

How we know

A transiting planet's size comes straight from geometry: the fraction of starlight it blocks. That makes the small end of the radius table one of the most trustworthy rankings on the site. Disputed rows are excluded, and so are the small bodies of our own solar system: Charon, Pluto, and our Moon are all smaller than any confirmed exoplanet, but they are not exoplanets.

What could unseat this record: space telescopes can now catch the dip from a body smaller than our Moon crossing a quiet star, so this is one of the most beatable records on the books.

Common questions

What is the smallest known exoplanet?

The smallest known exoplanet is Kepler-37 b, about 0.31 times the radius of Earth: between our Moon and Mercury in size.

How small is the smallest known exoplanet?

Kepler-37 b measures 0.31× Earth's radius, which puts it between our Moon and Mercury in size. It is smaller than any planet in our own solar system.

How can astronomers measure something that small?

By the shadow it casts. When a planet crosses its star, it blocks a fixed fraction of the light, and that fraction is a direct ratio of the two sizes. For the smallest worlds the dip is a few parts per million, which is why they were found by space telescopes above the atmosphere's noise.

Is there a smallest possible planet?

There is no hard floor, only a definitional one: an object has to be massive enough for gravity to pull it round, which happens somewhere around a few hundred kilometres across for rock. Below that you have an asteroid, and no survey could detect one around another star anyway.

Keep exploring: all records · all rocky worlds