What is the nearest galaxy to the Milky Way?

The nearest galaxy to the Milky Way in this catalog is the Large Magellanic Cloud, about 163,000 ly away, and it is bright enough to see with the naked eye from the southern hemisphere. Everything about Large Magellanic Cloud

Nearest galaxy in this catalog
Large Magellanic Cloud
163,000 ly · irregular
The top 25
#GalaxyDistanceType
★ 1Large Magellanic Cloud163,000 lyirregular
2Small Magellanic Cloud200,000 lyirregular
3Andromeda2.5 million lyspiral
4Triangulum2.7 million lyspiral
5Sculptor11 million lystarburst
6Cigar12 million lystarburst
7Bode's12 million lyspiral
8Centaurus A12 million lyelliptical
9Black Eye17 million lyspiral
10Pinwheel21 million lyspiral
11Whirlpool23 million lyspiral
12Messier 10624 million lyspiral
13Sunflower27 million lyspiral
14Sombrero30 million lylenticular
15NGC 381046 million lyspiral
16NGC 155646 million lybarred spiral
17NGC 371846 million lyspiral
18NGC 141146 million lyelliptical
19NGC 450446 million lyspiral
20NGC 105546 million lybarred spiral
21IC 306546 million lylenticular
22IC 346146 million lyelliptical
23IC 278247 million lyspiral
24NGC 434347 million lybarred spiral
25NGC 138947 million lyelliptical

Showing the top 25 of 9,440 that qualify.

How we know

The catalog behind this ranking is OpenNGC, which covers the New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue: the galaxies that are bright and well-defined enough to have been catalogued as objects. The Milky Way also has a swarm of faint dwarf satellites, several of them closer than anything here, that were only found by picking out overdensities of individual stars. They are real neighbours and they are not NGC objects, so this record is scoped to the catalog rather than claimed absolutely.

Distances to the nearest galaxies are measured rather than inferred from redshift, using standard candles such as Cepheid variables and the tip of the red giant branch. Further out, distance comes from redshift and Hubble's law, which is why this site labels which method produced each number.

Common questions

What is the nearest galaxy to the Milky Way?

The nearest galaxy to the Milky Way in this catalog is the Large Magellanic Cloud, about 163,000 ly away, and it is bright enough to see with the naked eye from the southern hemisphere.

How far away is the nearest galaxy?

The Large Magellanic Cloud lies about 163,000 ly away. For comparison, the Milky Way itself is roughly 100,000 light-years across, so our nearest catalogued neighbour is only a couple of galaxy-widths off.

Is Andromeda the nearest galaxy?

It is the nearest large spiral galaxy, and the most distant thing most people can see with the naked eye, but the Magellanic Clouds are far closer. Andromeda is the one on a collision course with us, due in about four billion years.

Can you see other galaxies without a telescope?

Yes, a handful. The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds are obvious from the southern hemisphere, and Andromeda and the Triangulum Galaxy are visible from a dark northern site as faint smudges. Everything else needs equipment.

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