What is the biggest known exoplanet?

The largest catalogued radii belong to young companions whose size is a model fit rather than a measurement, so this record is held to planets measured geometrically as they cross their star: the biggest of those is TOI-1408 b, at 2.23 times the radius of Jupiter. Everything about TOI-1408 b

Biggest measured exoplanet
TOI-1408 b
2.23× Jupiter's radius · 455 ly
The top 25
#WorldRadiusDistance
★ 1TOI-1408 b2.23× Jupiter's radius455 ly
2HAT-P-67 b2.14× Jupiter's radius1,212 ly
3TOI-3540 A b2.10× Jupiter's radiusdistance unknown
4XO-6 b2.07× Jupiter's radius768 ly
5HAT-P-41 b2.05× Jupiter's radius1,136 ly
6HIP 65 A b2.03× Jupiter's radius202 ly
7Kepler-435 b1.99× Jupiter's radius4,627 ly
8HAT-P-32 b1.98× Jupiter's radius943 ly
9WASP-12 b1.96× Jupiter's radius1,393 ly
10TOI-5811 B b1.96× Jupiter's radius555 ly
11KELT-9 b1.94× Jupiter's radius667 ly
12WASP-78 b1.93× Jupiter's radius2,460 ly
13BD-14 3065 b1.93× Jupiter's radius1,922 ly
14KELT-19 A b1.91× Jupiter's radius979 ly
15TOI-1518 b1.88× Jupiter's radius737 ly
16HAT-P-70 b1.87× Jupiter's radius1,079 ly
17WASP-17 b1.87× Jupiter's radius1,324 ly
18HATS-23 b1.86× Jupiter's radius2,084 ly
19WASP-76 b1.85× Jupiter's radius634 ly
20HAT-P-33 b1.85× Jupiter's radius1,292 ly
21WASP-178 b1.81× Jupiter's radius1,395 ly
22KELT-12 b1.78× Jupiter's radius1,200 ly
23TOI-2193 A b1.77× Jupiter's radius1,099 ly
24TOI-2669 b1.76× Jupiter's radius1,283 ly
25Kepler-12 b1.75× Jupiter's radius2,875 ly

Showing the top 25 of 1,620 that qualify.

How we know

A transiting planet's radius is measured, not inferred: the planet blocks a fixed fraction of its star's disc every orbit, and that fraction is a direct ratio of the two sizes. A directly imaged companion has no such geometry, so its radius comes from an evolutionary model that depends on an assumed age, and young objects come out enormous. Both kinds of number sit in the same catalog column, which is why the unfiltered radius ranking is misleading.

The second gate is physical. A gas giant swells past Jupiter's size only when its star pours enough heat into it to puff up the atmosphere, so this table is scoped to strongly irradiated worlds, above 1,000 K. A cool giant catalogued at three Jupiter radii is a fit that has gone wrong, not the biggest planet ever found. For scale, Jupiter is eleven times Earth's radius, and the worlds here are twice that again.

Common questions

What is the biggest known exoplanet?

The largest catalogued radii belong to young companions whose size is a model fit rather than a measurement, so this record is held to planets measured geometrically as they cross their star: the biggest of those is TOI-1408 b, at 2.23 times the radius of Jupiter.

Why are the biggest planets not much bigger than Jupiter?

Because adding mass to a gas giant stops making it bigger. Past about Jupiter's mass the extra weight compresses the interior as fast as it adds material, so a planet ten times Jupiter's mass is roughly Jupiter's size. Only intense heating from a nearby star inflates one further, which is why every world near the top of this table orbits close in and runs hot.

How big is the biggest exoplanet compared to Jupiter?

TOI-1408 b measures 2.23× Jupiter's radius, which makes it roughly twice Jupiter's width and around a quarter the diameter of a small star.

Could a planet be as big as a star?

In width, almost. The most inflated hot Jupiters are close to the size of the smallest red dwarfs, which is a striking coincidence rather than a relationship: a star that size holds a hundred times more mass in the same volume, and it fuses hydrogen where a planet cannot.

Keep exploring: all records · the most massive planet · every hot Jupiter