Which exoplanet has the shortest year?

Among confirmed rocky exoplanets, KOI-1843.03 has the shortest year known: one full orbit of its star takes about 4.2 hours. Everything about KOI-1843.03

Shortest year known
KOI-1843.03
4.2 hours · 438 ly
The top 25
#WorldYear lengthDistance
★ 1KOI-1843.034.2 hours438 ly
2K2-137 b4.3 hours322 ly
3TOI-2431 b5.4 hours118 ly
4TOI-6255 b5.7 hours66.3 ly
5TOI-6324 b6.7 hours67.0 ly
6K2-141 b6.7 hours202 ly
7TOI-4552 b7.2 hours88.9 ly
8GJ 367 b7.7 hours30.7 ly
9TOI-2260 b8.5 hours330 ly
10Kepler-78 b8.5 hours406 ly
11K2-157 b8.8 hours973 ly
12K2-131 b8.9 hours497 ly
13TOI-2445 b8.9 hours158 ly
14TOI-4527.019.6 hours59.0 ly
15TOI-1442 b9.8 hours134 ly
16KOI-4777.019.9 hours562 ly
17TOI-1798.0210.5 hours369 ly
18TOI-561 b10.7 hours280 ly
19TOI-6000 b10.8 hours247 ly
20Kepler-42 c10.9 hours131 ly
21LHS 3844 b11.1 hours48.5 ly
22TOI-1444 b11.3 hours409 ly
23TOI-431 b11.8 hours106 ly
24K2-223 b12.1 hours648 ly
25GJ 1252 b12.4 hours66.4 ly

Showing the top 25 of 1,284 that qualify.

How we know

This record is scoped to rocky worlds with a real temperature measurement, because the raw catalog's very shortest periods belong to compact-binary artifacts and doubtful rows rather than planets you could stand on. The winner's year is measured directly from its repeating transits, one of the most secure numbers in exoplanet science.

For comparison, the shortest year in our solar system is Mercury's, at 88 days; the worlds on this table finish theirs in hours.

Common questions

Which exoplanet has the shortest year?

Among confirmed rocky exoplanets, KOI-1843.03 has the shortest year known: one full orbit of its star takes about 4.2 hours.

How short is the shortest year?

On KOI-1843.03, a full orbit takes 4.2 hours. A person there would live through more than a thousand years in a single Earth year, if the surface were not hot enough to melt.

How close does a planet have to be for a year that short?

Extremely: a few stellar radii, so close that the star fills much of the sky. At that distance a rocky world is tidally locked, its dayside is molten, and its orbit is slowly decaying into the star.

Why is this record scoped to rocky worlds?

Because the very shortest catalogued periods belong to compact binaries and doubtful rows rather than planets. Scoping to rocky worlds with a real temperature keeps the crown on something you could in principle stand on.

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